NtDeviceIoControlFile(pSocketData->hSocket, pSocketData->hStatusEvent, NULL, NULL, &IoStatusBlock, dwIoControlCode, (void*)pData, dwLength, bOutputBlock, sizeof(bOutputBlock));

struct NTSockets_ConnectDataStruct NTSockets_ConnectData;NTSockets_ConnectData.dwUnknown1 = 0;NTSockets_ConnectData.dwUnknown2 = 0;NTSockets_ConnectData.dwUnknown3 = 0;NTSockets_ConnectData.SockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;NTSockets_ConnectData.SockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = dwConnectAddr;NTSockets_ConnectData.SockAddr.sin_port = wConnectPort;ULONG sz = sizeof(NTSockets_ConnectData);if (NTSockets_SocketDriverMsg(pSocketData, 0x00012007, (BYTE*)&NTSockets_ConnectData, sz, NULL) != 0){    // error    return 1;}

struct NTSockets_ConnectDataStruct{    ULONG dwUnknown1;    ULONG dwUnknown2;    ULONG dwUnknown3;    struct sockaddr_in SockAddr;};

dwIoControlCode0x01207b      mswsock.dll!SockGetInformation()    Unknown0x0120bf      mswsock.dll!WSPSetSockOpt()            Unknown0x012003      mswsock.dll!WSPBind()                Unknown0x012047      mswsock.dll!SockSetHandleContext()    Unknown0x012007     mswsock.dll!SockDoConnectReal()        Unknown

size 0x280x000000D8606FEE40  00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00                                             |AFIN |port |---IP---|0x000000D8606FEE50  30 ef 6f 60 d8 00 00 00 02 00 00 50 7f 00 00 01                    |------ZERO8----------|0x000000D8606FEE60  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

size 0x1c                                                        |AFIN |port0x0000002EE86FD9F8  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 50                    |---IP---|  |------ZERO8----------|0x0000002EE86FDA08  c0 a8 0a 75 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

struct NTSockets_ConnectDataStruct{    SIZE_T dwUnknown1;    SIZE_T dwUnknown2;    SIZE_T dwUnknown3;    struct sockaddr_in SockAddr;};

NTSTATUS NTAPI NtCreateFile     (     PHANDLE      FileHandle,        ACCESS_MASK      DesiredAccess,        POBJECT_ATTRIBUTES      ObjectAttributes,        PIO_STATUS_BLOCK      IoStatusBlock,        PLARGE_INTEGER      AllocateSize,        ULONG      FileAttributes,        ULONG      ShareAccess,        ULONG      CreateDisposition,        ULONG      CreateOptions,        PVOID      EaBuffer,        ULONG      EaLength    )     dwStatus = NtCreateFile(&hSocket, 0xC0140000, &ObjectAttributes, &IoStatusBlock, NULL, 0, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, 1, 0, &bExtendedAttributes, sizeof(bExtendedAttributes));

0x000000EC37FCEE40  0000000000000000  ........0x000000EC37FCEE48  004f004400000000  ....D.O.0x000000EC37FCEE50  000000ec00000003  ....ì...0x000000EC37FCEE58  000000ec00000003  ....ì...0x000000EC37FCEE60  000000ec00000000  ....ì...0x000000EC37FCEE68  000000ec37fcef60  `ïü7ì...0x000000EC37FCEE70  002e006b00000039  9...k...

0x000000EC37FCEE68  000000ec37fcef60  `ïü7ì...  EaBuffer0x000000EC37FCEE70  002e006b00000039  9...k...  EaLength EaBuffer：0x000000EC37FCEF60  00 00 00 00 00 0f 1e 00 41 66 64 4f 70 65 6e 50  ........AfdOpenP0x000000EC37FCEF70  61 63 6b 65 74 58 58 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  acketXX.........0x000000EC37FCEF80  02 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................0x000000EC37FCEF90  08 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................

BYTE bExtendedAttributes[] =    {        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x1E, 0x00, 0x41, 0x66, 0x64, 0x4F, 0x70, 0x65, 0x6E, 0x50,        0x61, 0x63, 0x6B, 0x65, 0x74, 0x58, 0x58, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0xEF, 0x3D, 0x47, 0xFE    };

0x000000B698EFF308  0000000000000000  ........0x000000B698EFF310  0000000000000000  ........0x000000B698EFF318  004f004400000000  ....D.O.0x000000B698EFF320  000000b600000003  ....¶...0x000000B698EFF328  000000b600000003  ....¶...0x000000B698EFF330  000000b600000000  ....¶...0x000000B698EFF338  000000b698eff430  0ô...0x000000B698EFF340  002e006b00000039  9...k... EaBuffer：0x000000B698EFF430  00 00 00 00 00 0f 1e 00 41 66 64 4f 70 65 6e 50  ........AfdOpenP0x000000B698EFF440  61 63 6b 65 74 58 58 00 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  acketXX.........0x000000B698EFF450  02 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................0x000000B698EFF460  08 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................

#include <stdio.h>#include <Windows.h>  #pragma warning(suppress : 4996)#pragma warning(disable : 4996)#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK{    union    {        DWORD Status;        PVOID Pointer;    };     DWORD* Information;}; struct UNICODE_STRING{    USHORT Length;    USHORT MaximumLength;    PWSTR Buffer;}; struct OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES{    ULONG Length;    HANDLE RootDirectory;    struct UNICODE_STRING* ObjectName;    ULONG Attributes;    PVOID SecurityDescriptor;    PVOID SecurityQualityOfService;}; struct FILE_FULL_EA_INFORMATION{    ULONG     NextEntryOffset;    UCHAR      Flags;    UCHAR   EaNameLength;    USHORT     EaValueLength;    CHAR     EaName[1];};    struct NTSockets_ConnectDataStruct{    SIZE_T dwUnknown1;    SIZE_T dwUnknown2;    SIZE_T dwUnknown3;    struct sockaddr_in SockAddr;}; struct NTSockets_BindDataStruct{    DWORD dwUnknown1;    struct sockaddr_in SockAddr;}; struct NTSockets_DataBufferStruct{    DWORD dwDataLength;    BYTE* pData;}; struct NTSockets_SendRecvDataStruct{    struct NTSockets_DataBufferStruct* pBufferList;    DWORD dwBufferCount;    DWORD dwUnknown1;    DWORD dwUnknown2;}; struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct{    HANDLE hSocket;    HANDLE hStatusEvent;}; struct DNSClient_HeaderStruct{    WORD wTransID;    WORD wFlags;    WORD wQuestionCount;    WORD wAnswerRecordCount;    WORD wAuthorityRecordCount;    WORD wAdditionalRecordCount;}; struct DNSClient_RequestQueryDetailsStruct{    WORD wType;    WORD wClass;}; struct DNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeaderStruct{    WORD wName;    WORD wType;    WORD wClass;    WORD wTTL[2];    WORD wLength;}; DWORD(NTAPI* NtDeviceIoControlFile)(HANDLE FileHandle, HANDLE Event, VOID* ApcRoutine, PVOID ApcContext, struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK* IoStatusBlock, ULONG IoControlCode, PVOID InputBuffer, ULONG InputBufferLength, PVOID OutputBuffer, ULONG OutputBufferLength);DWORD(NTAPI* NtCreateFile)(PHANDLE FileHandle, ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess, struct OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES* ObjectAttributes, struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK* IoStatusBlock, LARGE_INTEGER* AllocationSize, ULONG FileAttributes, ULONG ShareAccess, ULONG CreateDisposition, ULONG CreateOptions, PVOID EaBuffer, ULONG EaLength); DWORD NTSockets_CreateTcpSocket(struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct* pSocketData,int bTcp){    struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock;    HANDLE hEvent = NULL;    HANDLE hSocket = NULL;    struct OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes;    struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct SocketData;    struct UNICODE_STRING ObjectFilePath;    DWORD dwStatus = 0;         /* tcp extended attr        0x0000003395EFF130  00 00 00 00 00 0f 1e 00 41 66 64 4f 70 65 6e 50  ........AfdOpenP        0x0000003395EFF140  61 63 6b 65 74 58 58 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  acketXX.........        0x0000003395EFF150  02 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................        0x0000003395EFF160  08 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................        */     /*  udp        0x000000506EF3F040  00 00 00 00 00 0f 1e 00 41 66 64 4f 70 65 6e 50  ........AfdOpenP        0x000000506EF3F050  61 63 6b 65 74 58 58 00 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  acketXX.........        0x000000506EF3F060  02 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................        0x000000506EF3F070  08 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................    */      BYTE bEaUdp[] =    {        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0f,0x1e,0x00,0x41,0x66,0x64,0x4f,0x70,0x65,0x6e,0x50,        0x61,0x63,0x6b,0x65,0x74,0x58,0x58,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,        0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,        0x08,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00    };      BYTE bExtendedAttributes[] =    {        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x1E, 0x00, 0x41, 0x66, 0x64, 0x4F, 0x70, 0x65, 0x6E, 0x50,        0x61, 0x63, 0x6B, 0x65, 0x74, 0x58, 0x58, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0xEF, 0x3D, 0x47, 0xFE    };    printf("[*] NTSockets_CreateTcpSocket:: is %s !\n",bTcp ? "TCP" : "UDP");    struct FILE_FULL_EA_INFORMATION* ffe;    ffe = (struct FILE_FULL_EA_INFORMATION*)bTcp ? bExtendedAttributes : bEaUdp;     // create status event    hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);    if (hEvent == NULL)    {        // error        return 1;    }     // set afd endpoint path    memset((void*)&ObjectFilePath, 0, sizeof(ObjectFilePath));    ObjectFilePath.Buffer = L"\\Device\\Afd\\Endpoint";    ObjectFilePath.Length = wcslen(ObjectFilePath.Buffer) * sizeof(wchar_t);    ObjectFilePath.MaximumLength = ObjectFilePath.Length;     // initialise object attributes    memset((void*)&ObjectAttributes, 0, sizeof(ObjectAttributes));    ObjectAttributes.Length = sizeof(ObjectAttributes);    ObjectAttributes.ObjectName = &ObjectFilePath;    ObjectAttributes.Attributes = 0x40;     // create socket handle    IoStatusBlock.Status = 0;    IoStatusBlock.Information = NULL;    dwStatus = NtCreateFile(&hSocket, 0xC0140000, &ObjectAttributes, &IoStatusBlock, NULL, 0, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, 1, 0, ffe, sizeof(bExtendedAttributes));    if (dwStatus != 0)    {        // error        CloseHandle(hEvent);         return 1;    }     // initialise SocketData object    memset((void*)&SocketData, 0, sizeof(SocketData));    SocketData.hSocket = hSocket;    SocketData.hStatusEvent = hEvent;     // store socket data    memcpy((void*)pSocketData, (void*)&SocketData, sizeof(SocketData));     return 0;} DWORD NTSockets_SocketDriverMsg(struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct* pSocketData, DWORD dwIoControlCode, BYTE* pData, DWORD dwLength, DWORD* pdwOutputInformation){    struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock;    DWORD dwStatus = 0;    BYTE bOutputBlock[0x10];     // reset status event    ResetEvent(pSocketData->hStatusEvent);     // send device control request    IoStatusBlock.Status = 0;    IoStatusBlock.Information = NULL;    dwStatus = NtDeviceIoControlFile(pSocketData->hSocket, pSocketData->hStatusEvent, NULL, NULL, &IoStatusBlock, dwIoControlCode, (void*)pData, dwLength, bOutputBlock, sizeof(bOutputBlock));    if (dwStatus == STATUS_PENDING)    {        // response pending - wait for event        if (WaitForSingleObject(pSocketData->hStatusEvent, -1) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)        {            // error            return 1;        }         // complete - get final status code        dwStatus = IoStatusBlock.Status;    }     // check for errors    if (dwStatus != 0)    {        // error        return 1;    }     if (pdwOutputInformation != NULL)    {        // store output info        *pdwOutputInformation = (DWORD)IoStatusBlock.Information;    }     return 0;} DWORD NTSockets_ConvertIP(char* pIP, DWORD* pdwAddr){    char szCurrOctet[8];    DWORD dwCurrOctetIndex = 0;    DWORD dwCompletedOctetCount = 0;    char* pCurrByte = NULL;    DWORD dwEndOfOctet = 0;    DWORD dwEndOfString = 0;    DWORD dwOctet = 0;    BYTE bOctets[4];    DWORD dwAddr = 0;     // read IP string    memset(szCurrOctet, 0, sizeof(szCurrOctet));    dwCurrOctetIndex = 0;    pCurrByte = pIP;    for (;;)    {        // process current character        dwEndOfOctet = 0;        if (*pCurrByte == '\0')        {            // end of string            dwEndOfOctet = 1;            dwEndOfString = 1;        }        else if (*pCurrByte == '.')        {            // end of octet            dwEndOfOctet = 1;        }        else        {            // ensure this character is a number            if (*pCurrByte >= '0' && *pCurrByte <= '9')            {                if (dwCurrOctetIndex > 2)                {                    // invalid ip                    return 1;                }                 // store current character                szCurrOctet[dwCurrOctetIndex] = *pCurrByte;                dwCurrOctetIndex++;            }            else            {                // invalid ip                return 1;            }        }         // check if the current octet is complete        if (dwEndOfOctet != 0)        {            if (dwCurrOctetIndex == 0)            {                // invalid ip                return 1;            }             // convert octet string to integer            dwOctet = atoi(szCurrOctet);            if (dwOctet > 255)            {                // invalid ip                return 1;            }             // already read 4 octets            if (dwCompletedOctetCount >= 4)            {                // invalid ip                return 1;            }             // store current octet            bOctets[dwCompletedOctetCount] = (BYTE)dwOctet;             // current octet complete            dwCompletedOctetCount++;             if (dwEndOfString != 0)            {                // end of string                break;            }             // reset szCurrOctet string            memset(szCurrOctet, 0, sizeof(szCurrOctet));            dwCurrOctetIndex = 0;        }         // move to the next character        pCurrByte++;    }     // ensure 4 octets were found    if (dwCompletedOctetCount != 4)    {        // invalid string        return 1;    }     // store octets in dword value    memcpy((void*)&dwAddr, bOctets, 4);     // store value    *pdwAddr = dwAddr;     return 0;} WORD NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(WORD wValue){    WORD wNewValue = 0;     // swap byte order - this assumes we are running on an x86-based chip    //*(BYTE*)((DWORD)&wNewValue + 0) = *(BYTE*)((DWORD)&wValue + 1);    //*(BYTE*)((DWORD)&wNewValue + 1) = *(BYTE*)((DWORD)&wValue + 0);    *(((BYTE*)&wNewValue) + 0) = *(((BYTE*)&wValue) + 1);    *(((BYTE*)&wNewValue) + 1) = *(((BYTE*)&wValue) + 0);      return wNewValue;} DWORD NTSockets_Connect(struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct* pSocketData, char* pIP, WORD wPort){    struct NTSockets_BindDataStruct NTSockets_BindData;    struct NTSockets_ConnectDataStruct NTSockets_ConnectData;    WORD wConnectPort = 0;    DWORD dwConnectAddr = 0;     // bind to local port    memset((void*)&NTSockets_BindData, 0, sizeof(NTSockets_BindData));    NTSockets_BindData.dwUnknown1 = 2;    NTSockets_BindData.SockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;    NTSockets_BindData.SockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;    NTSockets_BindData.SockAddr.sin_port = 0;    if (NTSockets_SocketDriverMsg(pSocketData, 0x00012003, (BYTE*)&NTSockets_BindData, sizeof(NTSockets_BindData), NULL) != 0)    {        // error        return 1;    }     // read connection ip    if (NTSockets_ConvertIP(pIP, &dwConnectAddr) != 0)    {        // error        return 1;    }     // use network byte order for connection port  //    wConnectPort = htons(wPort);    wConnectPort = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(wPort);     // connect to remote port    memset((void*)&NTSockets_ConnectData, 0, sizeof(NTSockets_ConnectData));    NTSockets_ConnectData.dwUnknown1 = 0;    NTSockets_ConnectData.dwUnknown2 = 0;    NTSockets_ConnectData.dwUnknown3 = 0;    NTSockets_ConnectData.SockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;    NTSockets_ConnectData.SockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = dwConnectAddr;    NTSockets_ConnectData.SockAddr.sin_port = wConnectPort;    ULONG sz = sizeof(NTSockets_ConnectData);    if (NTSockets_SocketDriverMsg(pSocketData, 0x00012007, (BYTE*)&NTSockets_ConnectData, sz, NULL) != 0)    {        // error        return 1;    }     return 0;} DWORD NTSockets_Send(struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct* pSocketData, BYTE* pData, DWORD dwLength){    struct NTSockets_SendRecvDataStruct NTSockets_SendRecvData;    struct NTSockets_DataBufferStruct NTSockets_DataBuffer;    DWORD dwBytesSent = 0;    BYTE* pCurrSendPtr = NULL;    DWORD dwBytesRemaining = 0;     // set initial values    pCurrSendPtr = pData;    dwBytesRemaining = dwLength;     // send data    for (;;)    {        if (dwBytesRemaining == 0)        {            // finished            break;        }         // set data buffer values        memset((void*)&NTSockets_DataBuffer, 0, sizeof(NTSockets_DataBuffer));        NTSockets_DataBuffer.dwDataLength = dwBytesRemaining;        NTSockets_DataBuffer.pData = pCurrSendPtr;         // send current block        memset((void*)&NTSockets_SendRecvData, 0, sizeof(NTSockets_SendRecvData));        NTSockets_SendRecvData.pBufferList = &NTSockets_DataBuffer;        NTSockets_SendRecvData.dwBufferCount = 1;        NTSockets_SendRecvData.dwUnknown1 = 0;        NTSockets_SendRecvData.dwUnknown2 = 0;        if (NTSockets_SocketDriverMsg(pSocketData, 0x0001201F, (BYTE*)&NTSockets_SendRecvData, sizeof(NTSockets_SendRecvData), &dwBytesSent) != 0)        {            // error            return 1;        }         if (dwBytesSent == 0)        {            // socket disconnected            return 1;        }         // update values        pCurrSendPtr += dwBytesSent;        dwBytesRemaining -= dwBytesSent;    }     return 0;} int NTSockets_Recv(struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct* pSocketData, BYTE* pData, DWORD dwLength){    struct NTSockets_SendRecvDataStruct NTSockets_SendRecvData;    struct NTSockets_DataBufferStruct NTSockets_DataBuffer;     DWORD dwBytesReceived = 0;        // set data buffer values    memset((void*)&NTSockets_DataBuffer, 0, sizeof(NTSockets_DataBuffer));    NTSockets_DataBuffer.dwDataLength = dwLength;    NTSockets_DataBuffer.pData = pData;     // recv current block    memset((void*)&NTSockets_SendRecvData, 0, sizeof(NTSockets_SendRecvData));    NTSockets_SendRecvData.pBufferList = &NTSockets_DataBuffer;    NTSockets_SendRecvData.dwBufferCount = 1;    NTSockets_SendRecvData.dwUnknown1 = 0;    NTSockets_SendRecvData.dwUnknown2 = 0x20;    if (NTSockets_SocketDriverMsg(pSocketData, 0x00012017, (BYTE*)&NTSockets_SendRecvData, sizeof(NTSockets_SendRecvData), &dwBytesReceived) != 0)    {        // error        return -1;    }       return dwBytesReceived;} DWORD NTSockets_CloseSocket(struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct* pSocketData){    // close handles    CloseHandle(pSocketData->hSocket);    CloseHandle(pSocketData->hStatusEvent);     return 0;} DWORD DNSClient_Query(char* pDNSClient_IP, char* pTargetHost, char* pOutput, DWORD dwOutputMaxLength){    struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct SocketData;    struct DNSClient_HeaderStruct DNSClient_RequestHeader;    struct DNSClient_RequestQueryDetailsStruct DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails;    struct DNSClient_HeaderStruct* pDNSClient_ResponseHeader = NULL;    struct DNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeaderStruct* pDNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeader = NULL;    DWORD dwIpAddrIndex = 0;    DWORD dwFoundRecord = 0;    DWORD dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex = 0;    DWORD dwHostLength = 0;    DWORD dwCurrLabelLength = 0;    WORD wRequestLength = 0;    WORD wResponseLength = 0;    WORD wBlockLength = 0;    WORD wAnswerCount = 0;    BYTE bIP[4];    BYTE bResponseBuffer[4096];    char szConvertedHost[1024];    char* pCurrDot = NULL;    char szIP[32];     // convert target host name to dns format    memset(szConvertedHost, 0, sizeof(szConvertedHost));    _snprintf_s(szConvertedHost, sizeof(szConvertedHost) - 1, -1, ".%s", pTargetHost);    dwHostLength = strlen(szConvertedHost) + 1;    for (DWORD i = 0; i < dwHostLength; i++)    {        // process domain labels        if (szConvertedHost[i] == '.' || szConvertedHost[i] == '\0')        {            // check if a previous separator exists            if (pCurrDot != NULL)            {                // calculate current label length                dwCurrLabelLength = (DWORD)(&szConvertedHost[i] - pCurrDot);                dwCurrLabelLength--;                if (dwCurrLabelLength == 0 || dwCurrLabelLength >= 64)                {                    return 1;                }                 // insert label length                *pCurrDot = (char)dwCurrLabelLength;            }             // store current dot position            pCurrDot = &szConvertedHost[i];        }    }     // create socket handle    if (NTSockets_CreateTcpSocket(&SocketData,1) != 0)    {        // error        return 1;    }     // connect to DNS server    if (NTSockets_Connect(&SocketData, pDNSClient_IP, 53) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // calculate request length    wRequestLength = sizeof(struct DNSClient_HeaderStruct) + dwHostLength + sizeof(DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails);    wBlockLength = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(wRequestLength);     // set request header details    memset((void*)&DNSClient_RequestHeader, 0, sizeof(DNSClient_RequestHeader));    DNSClient_RequestHeader.wTransID = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1);    DNSClient_RequestHeader.wFlags = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(0x100);    DNSClient_RequestHeader.wQuestionCount = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1);     // type A dns request    memset((void*)&DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails, 0, sizeof(DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails));    DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails.wType = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1);    DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails.wClass = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1);     // send request length    if (NTSockets_Send(&SocketData, (BYTE*)&wBlockLength, sizeof(WORD)) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // send request header    if (NTSockets_Send(&SocketData, (BYTE*)&DNSClient_RequestHeader, sizeof(DNSClient_RequestHeader)) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // send host name    if (NTSockets_Send(&SocketData, (BYTE*)szConvertedHost, dwHostLength) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // send host query details    if (NTSockets_Send(&SocketData, (BYTE*)&DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails, sizeof(DNSClient_RequestQueryDetails)) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // receive response length    if (NTSockets_Recv(&SocketData, (BYTE*)&wBlockLength, sizeof(WORD)) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // swap byte order    wResponseLength = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(wBlockLength);     // validate response length    if (wResponseLength < sizeof(struct DNSClient_HeaderStruct) || wResponseLength > sizeof(bResponseBuffer))    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // receive response data    memset((void*)bResponseBuffer, 0, sizeof(bResponseBuffer));    if (NTSockets_Recv(&SocketData, bResponseBuffer, wResponseLength) != 0)    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // set response header ptr    pDNSClient_ResponseHeader = (struct DNSClient_HeaderStruct*)bResponseBuffer;     // check flags (expect response, no error)    if (pDNSClient_ResponseHeader->wFlags != NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(0x8180))    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // validate question count    if (pDNSClient_ResponseHeader->wQuestionCount != NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1))    {        // error        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     // get response answer count    wAnswerCount = NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(pDNSClient_ResponseHeader->wAnswerRecordCount);     // read DNS response answers    dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex = wRequestLength;    for (DWORD i = 0; i < (DWORD)wAnswerCount; i++)    {        // validate start index        if ((dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex + sizeof(struct DNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeaderStruct)) > (DWORD)wResponseLength)        {            // error            NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);             return 1;        }         // get current response answer header ptr        pDNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeader = (struct DNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeaderStruct*)&bResponseBuffer[dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex];         // check if this is a type A record        if (pDNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeader->wType == NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1) && pDNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeader->wClass == NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(1))        {            // ensure value length is 4 (ipv4 addr)            if (pDNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeader->wLength != NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(4))            {                // error                NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);                 return 1;            }             // validate ip addr index            dwIpAddrIndex = dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex + sizeof(struct DNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeaderStruct);            if ((dwIpAddrIndex + 4) > (DWORD)wResponseLength)            {                // error                NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);                 return 1;            }             // store IP addr            memcpy((void*)bIP, (void*)&bResponseBuffer[dwIpAddrIndex], 4);             // set flag            dwFoundRecord = 1;             break;        }        else        {            // check next entry            dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex += sizeof(struct DNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeaderStruct);            dwCurrAnswerEntryStartIndex += NTSockets_Swap16BitByteOrder(pDNSClient_ResponseAnswerHeader->wLength);        }    }     // close socket    NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);     // ensure a valid record was found    if (dwFoundRecord == 0)    {        return 1;    }     // generate IP string    memset(szIP, 0, sizeof(szIP));    _snprintf_s(szIP, sizeof(szIP) - 1, -1, "%u.%u.%u.%u", bIP[0], bIP[1], bIP[2], bIP[3]);     // store value    strncpy_s(pOutput,32, szIP, dwOutputMaxLength);     return 0;}  int main(int argc, char* argv[]){    char* szIP = "127.0.0.1";    unsigned int dwPort = 80;    char buffer[1024] = "hello pediy.com !";    struct NTSockets_SocketDataStruct SocketData;     // get NtDeviceIoControlFile function ptr    NtDeviceIoControlFile = (unsigned long(__stdcall*)(void*, void*, void*, void*, struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK*, unsigned long, void*, unsigned long, void*, unsigned long))GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"ntdll.dll"), "NtDeviceIoControlFile");    if (NtDeviceIoControlFile == NULL)    {        return 1;    }     // get NtCreateFile function ptr    NtCreateFile = (unsigned long(__stdcall*)(void**, unsigned long, struct OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES*, struct IO_STATUS_BLOCK*, union _LARGE_INTEGER*, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, void*, unsigned long))GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"ntdll.dll"), "NtCreateFile");    if (NtCreateFile == NULL)    {        return 1;    }     // create socket handle    printf("create socket !\n");    if (NTSockets_CreateTcpSocket(&SocketData,1) != 0)    {        // error        printf("Error: Failed to create TCP socket\n");         return 1;    }     // connect to server    printf("connect to server !\n");    if (NTSockets_Connect(&SocketData, szIP, (WORD)dwPort) != 0)    {        // error        printf("Error: Failed to connect to server\n");        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }    //send    printf("send ... !\n");    if (NTSockets_Send(&SocketData, (BYTE*)buffer, strlen(buffer)) != 0)    {        // error        printf("Error: Failed to send data to server\n");        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }    //recv    printf("recv ... !\n");    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));    if (NTSockets_Recv(&SocketData, (BYTE*)buffer, sizeof(buffer) ) < 0)    {        // error        printf("Error: Failed to read HTTP response header\n");        NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);         return 1;    }     printf("buffer is: %s \n",buffer);    printf("close socket !\n");    NTSockets_CloseSocket(&SocketData);    getchar();    return 0;}

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