During the spring of 2024, Google engaged NCC Group to conduct a design review of Confidential Mode for Hyperdisk (CHD) architecture in order to analyze how the Data Encryption Key (DEK) that encrypts data-at-rest is protected. The project was 10 person days and the goal is to validate that the following two properties are enforced:
The two secure hardware-backed enclaves where the DEK is allowed to exist in plaintext are:
NCC Group evaluated Confidential Mode for Hyperdisk – specifically, the secure handling of Data Encryption Keys across all disk operations including:
The public report for this review may be downloaded below:
As we explained in a previous blogpost, exploiting a prompt injection attack is conceptually easy to understand: There are previous instructions in the prompt, and we include additional instructions within the user input, which is merged together with the legitimate instructions in a way that the underlying model cannot distinguish…
Ollama is an open-source system for running and managing large language models (LLMs). NCC Group identified a DNS rebinding vulnerability in Ollama that permits attackers to access its API without authorization, and perform various malicious activities, such as exfiltrating sensitive file data from vulnerable systems.
During the winter of 2022, Google engaged NCC Group to conduct an in-depth security review of the Aggregation Service, part of Google’s Privacy Sandbox initiative. Google describes the Aggregation Service as follows: The Privacy Sandbox initiative aims to create technologies that both protect people’s privacy online and give companies and…