• https://www.blackhat.com/us-24/briefings/schedule/index.html#confusion-attacks-exploiting-hidden-semantic-ambiguity-in-apache-http-server-40227

• https://devco.re/blog/2024/06/06/security-alert-cve-2024-4577-php-cgi-argument-injection-vulnerability/

影响范围

• PHP 8.3 < 8.3.8
• PHP 8.2 < 8.2.20
• PHP 8.1 < 8.1.29

漏洞利用条件

Windows系统内字符编码转换的Best-Fit特性

• 必须是Window环境

• 繁体中文 (字码页 950)
• 简体中文 (字码页 936)
• 日文 (字码页 932)

Something is wrong with the XAMPP installation :-(
Apache CGI will pass the query string to the command line if it doesn't contain a '='.
This can create an issue where a malicious request can pass command line arguments to
the executable. Ideally we skip argument parsing when we're in cgi or fastcgi mode,
but that breaks PHP scripts on Linux with a hashbang: `#!/php-cgi -d option=value`.
Therefore, this code only prevents passing arguments if the query string starts with a '-'.
Similarly, scripts spawned in subprocesses on Windows may have the same issue.

以CGI模式运行的PHP环境

AddHandler cgi-script .php
Action cgi-script "/cgi-bin/php-cgi.exe"

<FilesMatch "\.php$">
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-cgi
</FilesMatch>
Action application/x-httpd-php-cgi "/php-cgi/php-cgi.exe"

#
# PHP-CGI setup
#
<FilesMatch "\.php$">
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-cgi
</FilesMatch>
<IfModule actions_module>
    Action application/x-httpd-php-cgi "/php-cgi/php-cgi.exe"
</IfModule>

%add+allow_url_include%3don+%add+auto_prepend_file%3dphp://input

-d allow_url_include=on -d auto_prepend_file=php://input

将PHP的执行程序暴露在外 - XAMPP默认配置

ScriptAlias /php-cgi/ "D:/xampp/php/"
<Directory "D:/xampp/php">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all denied
    <Files "php-cgi.exe">
          Require all granted
    </Files>
</Directory>