以下文章来源于效率源公众号,作者源妹
想要做好取证分析工作,工具和技术只是辅助,思路才是核心和重点。本文将详细分享Microsoft Windows操作系统的基础数字取证知识,了解数据的存放位置和对应部件,便于快速确定关键证据,内容包括windows时间规则、文件下载、程序执行、文件删除/文件信息、浏览器资源、外部设备/USB使用、账户使用情况、文件/文件夹打开、网络活动/物理位置。
01
windows 时间规则
创建文件:文件修改、文件访问、文件metadata时间改变
访问文件:文件访问时间改变(NTFS win7+不变)
文件修改:文件修改,文件metadata时间改变
文件重命名:文件metadata时间改变
拷贝文件:文件修改时间继承自原始,文件访问,文件metadata,文件创建时间改变
文件移动:
1)同卷移动文件:文件metadata时间改变
2)跨卷移动文件
• 通过系统命令:修改时间来自原始文件,文件访问,文件metadata,文件创建时间改变
• 通过复制粘贴:文件修改,文件metadata,文件创建都来自原始文件,访问时间为复制粘贴时间
02
文件下载
XP:NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32OpenSaveMRU
Win7/8/10:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32OpenSavePIDlMRU
XP:
%USERPROFILE%LocalSettingsApplicationDataMicrosoftOutlook
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftOutlook
OLK:
HKEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareMicrosoftOffice对应版本OutlookSecurity
XP:
C:Documents and Settings<username>ApplicationSkype<skype-name>
Win7/8/10:
C:%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingSkype<skype-name>
1)internet explorer
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsIEDownloadHistoryindex.dat
IE10-11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsWebCacheWebCacheV*.dat
2)firefox
v3-25:
%userprofile%AppDataRoamingMozilla FirefoxProfiles<random text>.defaultdownloads.sqlite
v26+:
%userprofile%AppDataRoamingMozilla FirefoxProfiles<random text>.defaultplaces.sqlite Table:moz_annos
3)chrome
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultHistory
1)firefox
XP:
%userprofile%Application DataMozilla FirefoxProfiles<random text>.defaultdownloads.sqlite
Win7/8/10:
%userprofile%AppDataRoamingMozilla FirefoxProfiles<random text>.defaultdownloads.sqlite
2)Internet Explorer
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindows IEDownloadHistory
IE10-11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsWebCache WebCacheV*.dat
从XP SP2开始,当文件通过浏览器从“Internet区域”下载到NTFS卷时,会向文件中添加备用数据流。
03
程序执行
• NTUSER.DAT HIVE
• NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentversionExplorerUserAssist {GUID}Count
C:Users<profile>AppDataLocalConnectedDevicesPlatformL.<profile>ActivitiesCache.db
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrent VersionSearchRecentApps
XP:
SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSessionManagerAppCompatibility
Win7/8/10:
SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSession ManagerAppCompatCache
Win7/8/10:
C:%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsRecent AutomaticDestinations
Win7/8/10:
C:WindowsAppCompatProgramsAmcache.hve
SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsNTCurrentVersionSRUMExtensions {d10ca2fe-6fcf4f6d-848e-b2e99266fa89} = Application Resource Usage Provider C:Windows System32SRU
• SYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesbamUserSettings{SID}
• SYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesdamUserSettings{SID}
XP:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32 LastVisitedMRU
Win7/8/10:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32 LastVisitedPidlMRU
WinXP/7/8/10:
C:WindowsPrefetch
04
文件删除/文件信息
• NTUSER.DAT HIVE NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftSearch AssistantACMru####
C:%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsExplorer
WinXP/Win8|8.1:
在启用了家庭组的任何地方自动创建。
Win7/8/10:
在任何地方自动创建并通过UNC路径(本地或远程)访问。
Internet Explorer
IE6-7:
%USERPROFILE%LocalSettingsHistoryHistory.IE5
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsHistoryHistory.IE5
IE10-11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsWebCacheWebCacheV*.dat
Win7/8/10 NTUSER.DAT Hive:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerWordWheelQuery
隐藏的系统文件夹
• C:$Recycle.bin
隐藏的系统文件夹
• C:RECYCLER" 2000/NT/XP/2003
05
浏览器资源
1)Internet Explorer
IE6-7:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsHistoryHistory.IE5
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsHistory History.IE5
IE10, 11, Edge:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindows WebCacheWebCacheV*.dat
2)Firefox
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Application DataMozillaFirefoxProfiles<random text>.defaultplaces.sqlite
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMozillaFirefox Profiles<random text>.defaultplaces.sqlite
3)Chrome
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsApplication DataGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultHistory
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser Data DefaultHistory
4)QQ浏览器
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalTencentQQBrowserUser DataDefaultHistory
1)Internet Explorer
HKEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerUser Shell Folders下Favorites键值
Edge:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalPackagesmicrosoft.
microsoftedge_<APPID>ACMicrosoftEdgeCookies
2)Firefox
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Application DataMozillaFirefoxProfiles<random text>.defaultplaces.sqlite
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMozillaFirefox Profiles<random text>.defaultplaces.sqlite
3)Chrome
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsApplication DataGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultBookmarks
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser Data DefaultBookmarks
4)QQ浏览器
• %USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalTencentQQBrowserUser DataDefaultQQ号Bookmarks_01
• %USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalTencentQQBrowserUser DataDefaultBookmarks_01
1)Internet Explorer
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsCookies
IE10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsCookies
IE11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsINetCookies
Edge:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalPackagesmicrosoft.
microsoftedge_<APPID>ACMicrosoftEdgeCookies
2)Firefox
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Application DataMozillaFirefoxProfiles<random
text>.defaultcookies.sqlite
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMozillaFirefox
Profiles<randomtext>.defaultcookies.sqlite
3)Chrome
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsApplication DataGoogleChromeUser
DataDefaultLocal Storage
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser Data
DefaultLocal Storage
4)QQ浏览器
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalTencentQQBrowserUser DataDefaultCookies
1)Internet Explorer
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.IE5
IE10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.IE5
IE11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsINetCacheIE
Edge:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalPackagesmicrosoft.microsoftedge_<APPID>ACMicrosoftEdgeCache
2)Firefox
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsApplicationDataMozillaFirefox Profiles<randomtext>.defaultCache
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMozillaFirefox Profiles<randomtext>.defaultCache
3)Chrome
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsApplication DataGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultCache - data_# and f_######
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser Data DefaultCache - data_# and f_######
Win7/8/10:
%APPDATA%RoamingMacromediaFlashPlayer#SharedObjects<randompr ofileid>
1)Internet Explorer
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/Microsoft/Internet Explorer/ Recovery
2)Firefox
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMozillaFirefoxProfiles<randomtext>.defaultsessionstore.js
3)Chrome
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser Data Default
文件=当前会话,当前打开的标签,最后一次会话,最后的标签
06
外部设备/USB使用
• SYSTEMCurrentControlSetEnumUSBSTOR
• SYSTEMCurrentControlSetEnumUSB
1)即插即用日志文件(第一次)
XP:
C:Windowssetupapi.log
Win7/8/10:
C:Windowsinfsetupapi.dev.log
2)(第一次,最后一次,拔出)(在Win7/8/10)
System Hive:
CurrentControlSetEnumUSBSTORVen_Prod_VersionUSBSerial#Properties {83da6326-97a6-4088-9453-a19231573b29}####
0064 = 第一次安装(Win7-10)
0066 = 最后一次连接 (Win8-10)
0067 = 最后一次拔出 (Win8-10)
• 查找GUID从SYSTEMMountedDevices
• NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorer MountPoints2
Win7/8/10:
%system root%System32winevtlogsSystem.evtx
SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsNTCurrentVersion ENDMgmt
XP:
找到ParentIdPrefix – SYSTEMCurrentControlSetEnum USBSTOR
Win7/8/10:
• SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindows Portable DevicesDevices
• SYSTEMMountedDevices
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Recent
Win7/8/10:
• %USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindows Recent
• %USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftOfficeRecent
07
账户使用情况
• C:windowssystem32configSAM
• SAMDomainsAccountUsers
• C:windowssystem32configSAM
• SAMDomainsAccountUsers
Win7/8/10:
%SYSTEM ROOT%System32winevtlogsSecurity.evtx
所有事件ID对应的系统日志
7034 - 服务意外崩溃
7035 - 服务发送了启动/停止控制
7036 - 服务已启动或已停止
7040 - 启动类型已更改(Boot | On Request | Disabled)
7045 - 系统上安装了一项服务(Win2008R2 +)
4697 - 系统上安装了一项服务(来自安全日志)
Win7/8/10:
Event ID 4624
Win7/8/10:
%SYSTEM ROOT%System32winevtlogsSecurity.evtx
Win7/8/10:
%system root%System32winevtlogsSecurity.evtx
08
文件/文件夹打开
XP:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32 OpenSaveMRU
Win7/8/10:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32OpenSavePIDlMRU
NTUSER.DAT:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerRecentDocs
Win7/8/10:
C:%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsRecentAutomaticDestinations
访问Explorer:
• USRCLASS.DATLocal SettingsSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsShellBags
• USRCLASS.DATLocal SettingsSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsShellBagMRU
访问桌面:
• NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsShellBagMRU
• NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsShellBags
XP:
C:%USERPROFILE%Recent
Win7/8/10:
C:%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsRecent
C:%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftOfficeRecent
WinXP/7/8/10:
C:WindowsPrefetch
XP:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDl32 LastVisitedMRU
Win7/8/10:
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionExplorerComDlg32 LastVisitedPidlMRU
Internet Explorer
IE6-7:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsHistory History.IE5
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsHistoryHistory.IE5
IE10-11
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsWebCacheWebCacheV*.dat
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftOfficeVERSION
• 14.0 = Office 2010
• 11.0 = Office 2003
• 12.0 = Office 2007
• 10.0 = Office XP
NTUSER.DATSoftwareMicrosoftOfficeVERSIONUserMRULiveID_####FileMRU
• 15.0 = Office 365
09
网络活动/物理位置
SYSTEM Hive:
SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlTimeZoneInformation
1)Internet Explorer
IE6-8:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsCookies
IE10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMicrosoftWindowsCookies
IE11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsInetCookies
2)Firefox
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Application DataMozillaFirefoxProfiles<randomtext>.default cookies.sqlite
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataRoamingMozillaFirefoxProfiles<randomtext>.defaultcookies.sqlite
3)Chrome
XP:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsApplicationDataGoogleChromeUser DataDefault Local Storage
Win7/8/10:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultLocal Storage
Win7/8/10 SOFTWARE HIVE:
• SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindows NTCurrentVersionNetworkListSignaturesUnmanaged
• SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindows NTCurrentVersionNetworkListSignaturesManaged
• SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindows NTCurrentVersionNetworkListNlaCache
Microsoft-Windows-WLAN-AutoConfig Operational.evtx
Internet Explorer
IE6-7:
%USERPROFILE%Local SettingsHistoryHistory.IE5
IE8-9:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsHistoryHistory.IE5
IE10-11:
%USERPROFILE%AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsWebCacheWebCacheV*.dat Firefox
XP:
%userprofile%Application DataMozillaFirefoxProfiles<randomtext>.defaultplaces.sqlite
Win7/8/10:
%userprofile%AppDataRoamingMozillaFirefoxProfiles<randomtext>.defaultplaces.sqlite
• SOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsNTCurrentVersionSRUMExtensions
• {973F5D5C-1D90-4944-BE8E-24B94231A174} = Windows Network Data Usage Monitor
• {DD6636**-8929-4683-974E-22C046A43763} = Windows Network Connectivity Usage Monitor
• SOFTWAREMicrosoftWlanSvcInterfaces C:WindowsSystem32SRU
以上文章来源于效率源公众号 ,作者源妹